November 14, 2025, marks the 19th UN Diabetes Day, with the promotional theme “Diabetes and Well-being”. It emphasizes placing the improvement of quality of life for people with diabetes at the core of diabetes healthcare services, enabling patients to enjoy healthy lives.
Globally, approximately 589 million adults (aged 20-79) have diabetes, representing 11.1% (1 in 9) of this age group. About 252 million people (43%) are undiagnosed, facing a higher risk of complications. The number of people with diabetes is projected to rise to 853 million by 2050, an increase of 45%.
Etiology and Clinical Types of Diabetes
Diabetes is a series of metabolic disorder syndromes involving sugar, protein, fat, water, and electrolytes, caused by various pathogenic factors such as genetic factors, immune system disorders, microbial infections and their toxins, free radical toxins, and mental factors acting on the body. These factors lead to islet function impairment, insulin resistance, etc. Clinically, it is characterized primarily by hyperglycemia. Typical cases may present with polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss, known as the “three polys and one loss” symptoms. It is clinically classified into Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Gestational diabetes, and Other specific types of diabetes.
Diabetes Detection Biomarkers
Islet autoantibodies are markers of immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells and are key indicators for diagnosing autoimmune diabetes. Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD), tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2A), insulin antibodies (IAA), and islet cell antibodies (ICA) are important immunological markers for the clinical detection of diabetes.
Multiple studies have shown that combined detection can improve the detection rate of autoimmune diabetes. The greater the number of positive antibodies present early on, the higher the risk of an individual rapidly progressing to clinical diabetes.
Research indicates:
● Individuals with three or more positive antibodies have a >50% risk of developing Type 1 diabetes within 5 years.
● Individuals with two positive antibodies have a 70% risk of developing Type 1 diabetes within 10 years, 84% within 15 years, and nearly 100% progress to Type 1 diabetes after 20 years of follow-up.
● Individuals with a single positive antibody have only a 14.5% risk of developing Type 1 diabetes within 10 years.
After the appearance of positive antibodies, the rate of progression to Type 1 diabetes is related to the types of positive antibodies, the age at antibody appearance, gender, and HLA genotype.
Beier Provides Comprehensive Diabetes Tests
Beier’s diabetes product series methodologies include Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Combined detection of biomarkers aids in the early discovery, early health management, and early treatment of diabetes, thereby improving human health indices.
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Product Name |
| 1 | Anti-Islet Cell Antibody (ICA) Test Kit (CLIA) / (ELISA) |
| 2 | Anti-Insulin Antibody (IAA) Assay Kit (CLIA) / (ELISA) |
| 3 | Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody (GAD) Assay Kit (CLIA) / (ELISA) |
| 4 | Tyrosine Phosphatase Antibody (IA-2A) Assay Kit (CLIA) / (ELISA) |
References:
1. Chinese Diabetes Society, Chinese Medical Doctor Association Endocrinologist Branch, Chinese Society of Endocrinology, et al. Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of type 1 diabetes in China (2021 edition) [J]. Chinese Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022, 14(11): 1143-1250. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115791-20220916-00474.
2. Chinese Women Medical Doctors Association Diabetes Professional Committee, Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Health Management, China Health Promotion Foundation. Expert consensus on screening and intervention for diabetes high-risk populations in China. Chinese Journal of Health Management, 2022, 16(01): 7-14. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115624-20211111-00677.
Post time: Nov-17-2025