Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody (GAD) ELISA Kit

Short Description:

Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome classified into insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM1) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM2). Given their distinct pathogenesis and treatment principles, accurate classification of diabetes is a fundamental prerequisite for its prevention and management. DM1 is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of pancreatic beta-cell autoantibodies—such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies, islet cell antibodies (ICA), and insulin autoantibodies (IAA)—in patients’ circulation. Detection of these antibodies is of significant value for diagnosing DM1 and differentiating it from DM2. Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is the rate-limiting enzyme that converts glutamate into the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and it serves as the autoantigen in DM1. GAD antibodies appear earliest in DM1 patients and can persist at high levels across different stages of DM1 progression. Before and in the early stages of clinical onset of DM1, the positive detection rate of GAD antibodies ranges from 43% to 80%, whereas the positive rate in the blood of DM2 patients and normal individuals is relatively low or even undetectable.